Appendicitis

The appendix is a small tubular structure up to 10 cm long. Its position can vary among individuals. In most cases, it is located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, but deviations from this norm are possible. Such variations make diagnosing appendicitis more challenging, as its symptoms can resemble gynecological or urological conditions.

For a long time, the appendix was considered a vestigial organ with no biological function. However, recent studies suggest that the appendix plays a role in maintaining gut microbiota. It may serve as a reservoir for beneficial bacteria involved in digestion. Moreover, the appendix is linked to the immune system, as it contains lymphoid tissue that contributes to antibody production and other immune responses.

Inflammation of the appendix can occur for various reasons. The primary trigger is obstruction of the appendix. This condition is often caused by large fecal or urinary stones that block normal drainage and lead to inflammation. Other factors include:

• Viral or bacterial infections.
• Open or closed abdominal injuries, which may damage the appendix and increase the likelihood of appendicitis surgery.
• Age. People aged 10 to 30 are at a higher risk of developing appendicitis.
• Family history. Genetic predisposition may increase the likelihood of appendicitis in some individuals.

Disrupted blood flow to the appendix and autoimmune reactions (when the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues) also increase the risk. Appendicitis typically requires urgent medical attention due to its serious and potentially life-threatening complications.

Several key symptoms of appendicitis warrant attention. These symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain:

• Early symptoms include mild abdominal pain that gradually intensifies. Often, the pain “migrates,” starting around the navel and shifting to the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. Patients may also experience nausea. A slight fever may indicate the presence of inflammation. Loss of appetite and reluctance to eat are additional signs of the condition. Early symptoms are not always pronounced.
• Disease progression. Without timely treatment, the symptoms worsen. Pain becomes sharp and persistent. Fever may rise above 38°C (100.4°F). Patients often experience difficulty walking or changing body positions. If the inflamed appendix affects other organs, constipation or diarrhea may occur. In response to the inflammation, the body may react with an elevated heart rate.

These symptoms are a reason to seek immediate medical attention, as a lack of treatment can be dangerous to health.

Diagnosing appendicitis often requires a combination of different examination methods. During a physical exam, a doctor checks for abdominal tenderness through palpation and assesses reactions to pressure and release. Laboratory tests (blood tests) are also ordered, as elevated white blood cell levels indicate inflammation. A urine test helps rule out urinary system conditions.

If the diagnosis remains unclear, additional tests may be prescribed:

• Ultrasound, which allows visualization of the appendix and detection of abnormalities.
• Computed tomography, which provides a more detailed examination of the appendix.

Quick and accurate diagnosis is key to effective treatment. Contact the “New Life” clinic for quality medical care using modern technologies and equipment.

Appendectomy is performed to remove the inflamed appendix under general anesthesia. The procedure involves the following stages:

• Accessing the appendix. In an open appendectomy, a single large incision is made in the lower right abdomen. Laparoscopic appendectomy involves small incisions for inserting instruments and a camera.
• Removing the appendix. The surgeon locates and removes the inflamed organ. If necessary, the surrounding area is treated to address potential infections or abscesses.
• Closing the incisions. In open surgery, stitches are used to close the incision, while laparoscopic methods often involve special clips or adhesives.
• Postoperative care. The patient is monitored in a recovery room and prescribed pain relief or other medications.

In the initial days after surgery, patients should avoid excessive physical strain and monitor their diet. Typically, normal activities can be resumed within 3–5 days.

The cost of surgery depends on the type of intervention and the clinical situation. To learn more about prices or schedule an appointment at the “New Life” medical center, contact us by phone or via the website. The clinic stands out for its modern equipment, comfortable conditions, and highly qualified staff.