Femoral hernia

A hernia is a medical condition where part of an internal organ protrudes beyond its natural position through weakened muscles or ligaments. Femoral hernias are less common than other types but can lead to more severe consequences. The main difference is the location of the pathology, which is typically below the inguinal canal.
The primary danger lies in the potential for strangulation and disrupted blood circulation in the organs, which can cause necrosis (tissue death). This condition requires urgent medical attention.

Symptoms vary depending on the stage of the disease. A characteristic sign is a bulge in the thigh or groin area, which may increase with physical activity or strain and decrease at rest. Another significant symptom is discomfort in the affected area. The pain may be sharp or pulling and can sometimes radiate to the lower back or buttocks.

If the hernia becomes strangulated, the patient experiences sharp, acute pain, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, weakness, and fatigue. Some patients may also experience digestive problems, such as constipation or gas retention, due to pressure on the intestines.

The development of a femoral hernia can be attributed to both hereditary factors and lifestyle choices. Some individuals are born with a predisposition to hernias due to weak connective tissues. Other risk factors include:

• Increased intra-abdominal pressure. Chronic coughing, constipation, and heavy physical labor can stretch muscles and tissues.
• Age and gender. As tissues lose elasticity with age, the risk increases. Femoral hernias are more common in women, particularly after menopause, due to hormonal changes and weakened connective tissues.
• Excess weight, which adds pressure to the abdominal cavity and weakens the abdominal wall, increasing the likelihood of organ protrusion.
• Injuries and surgeries that create a site for the hernia to form.

Additionally, pregnancy can contribute to the development of a femoral hernia due to the physical changes it causes in a woman’s body.

A comprehensive assessment provides the specialist with a full understanding of the pathology and its effects on the patient’s body.

In cases of smaller hernias with no complications, conservative treatment methods may be recommended to improve the patient’s condition. These include:

• Medication therapy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alleviate pain, muscle relaxants relieve spasms, and antibiotics may be prescribed to address potential infections or inflammation.
• Physiotherapy. Tailored exercise programs strengthen muscles and prevent the condition from worsening.

It’s important to note that physiotherapy does not replace primary treatment but serves as a supplementary measure to enhance the quality of life.

When conservative treatment proves ineffective or the patient’s condition deteriorates, surgical intervention is necessary. Key indications for surgery include:

• An increase in hernia size.
• Worsening symptoms.
• Hernia strangulation, which can lead to intestinal obstruction.
• Adverse changes in surrounding tissues.

The rehabilitation period can last from several weeks to a few months, depending on the complexity of the procedure. Patients must monitor for signs of inflammation or infection and avoid excessive strain.

Preventive measures for femoral hernias include:

1. A balanced diet rich in fiber, whole grains, and vegetables to prevent constipation.
2. Regular exercises to strengthen the body’s core muscles.
3. Maintaining a healthy weight and proper lifting techniques, as well as quitting smoking.

If you have risk factors or symptoms such as thigh pain or a noticeable bulge, consult the specialists at New Life Medical Center. They offer advanced diagnostic methods, effective treatment options, and expert consultations to ensure the best care for your health.