Anal canal polyps

In proctological practice, the formation of new growths is one of the most common reasons for patient visits. These growths can be either malignant or less dangerous benign formations. The latter category includes anal canal polyps—round or mushroom-shaped formations of medium density and elasticity that develop from the soft tissues of the rectal mucosa. These tumors can differ in color from the surrounding tissue, appearing red, gray, pink, or white.

This condition can affect individuals of all ages. However, the risk group primarily includes men over 50–55 years old and those subjected to intense physical exertion. People with excess weight and digestive system disorders are also more prone to developing polyps.

At the New Life family medicine clinic, we offer treatment for such formations in the anal area. The removal of a rectal polyp is performed either surgically or using instrumental and medication-based methods.

All medical and surgical procedures are carried out under the supervision of highly qualified proctologists and surgeons, including doctors and candidates of medical sciences. The treatment process is supported by advanced medical equipment, modern diagnostic tools, and certified pharmaceuticals.

Without timely and proper treatment, polyps can lead to secondary diseases, including the development of malignant tumors. As polyps progress, they can cause various pathological conditions, such as:

• Necrosis of the intestinal mucosa and surrounding tissues
• Defecation disorders
• Intestinal obstruction
• Infectious inflammations
• Anal fissures
• Paraproctitis
• Rectal prolapse
• Bleeding

These complications can introduce pathogenic microbes into the digestive tract, leading to physiological dysfunctions and a weakened immune response.

The severity of the condition and the rate of polyp growth depend on their type, causes, and associated pathological processes. According to morphological characteristics, traditional medicine classifies polyps into several types:

1. Adenomatous – This category includes tubular, tubulovillous, and villous polyps. They vary in size, structural type, and prevalence in the rectum. These polyps are considered precancerous and are the most common.
2. Hyperplastic – Small in size and rarely become malignant.
3. Inflammatory – Secondary formations that develop due to infections in the digestive system.
4. Serrated – Considered precancerous, they can have a flat or textured surface and may be sessile or traditional in shape.
5. Hamartomatous – Benign growths often found in patients with genetic syndromes.

At New Life, we effectively remove anal canal polyps, regardless of their form, type, or stage of development. We utilize both modern and traditional methods, ensuring minimal invasiveness, painlessness, and a therapeutic effect.

Modern medicine has not yet identified the exact etiological factors behind polyp formation. However, research indicates that these tumors only develop on damaged tissues and mucous membranes. This suggests that anal polyps usually have a precursor—an underlying intestinal disease or pathological condition. The most common contributing factors include:

• Chronic inflammatory conditions
• Hemorrhoids and anal fissures
• Intestinal infections
• Perianal trauma
• Complications from childbirth

Other risk factors include unhealthy habits such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, a lack of physical activity, extreme diets, and poor environmental conditions.

The presence of a polyp may already be accompanied by clinical symptoms that can be identified at home. Signs of an anal polyp include:

• Anal bleeding
• Mucous discharge in the stool
• Abdominal pain and spasms
• Pale skin due to anemia
• Alternating constipation and diarrhea

However, polyps do not always present symptoms, and their signs can resemble conditions such as hemorrhoids, HPV, uterine fibroids, ulcerative colitis, angiomas, and Crohn’s disease. To ensure accurate treatment, a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is necessary, including laboratory and instrumental studies:

• Urinalysis
• Biochemical blood test
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Complete blood count
• Colonoscopy
• Coagulogram

There are no conservative methods for completely eliminating polyps. Medications can only help alleviate pain, reduce symptoms, and, in some cases, address underlying causes.

At the New Life Clinic, we recommend immediate surgical intervention, which involves the removal of rectal polyps using either a laser or traditional surgical techniques. Both methods are entirely safe, have minimal physiological restrictions, and yield effective results.

Our experienced surgeons at New Life perform operations with minimal risk of complications, ensuring minimal blood loss and no significant pain. We use safe sedation and anesthesia techniques, as well as minimally invasive methods with state-of-the-art equipment.

Another advantage of undergoing polyp removal at our clinic is the affordable pricing. To learn more about the cost, procedure duration, and other details, schedule a consultation with our proctologist.